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Scaevola coriacea

Nutt. (1842)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Goodeniaceae Genus: Scaevola

dwarf naupaka, naupaka papa

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Prostrate perennial herbs, barely woody in older portions, the internodes long, giving a sparse appearance.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades obovate or spatulate, 2–5 cm long, 1–2 cm wide, succulent. Apex rounded. Base tapering to the petiole. Surfaces glabrous or slightly scurfy. Margins entire or with several minute indentions towards the apex. Petioles 0.7–1.5 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers 1–3 in axillary cymes 1–2 cm long, peduncles 6–16 mm long, pedicels sparsely pubescent, subtended by paired bracteoles. Flowers bisexual (perfect), strongly irregular. Calyx minute, 5–parted. Corolla funnelform–unilabiate, 5–parted, the tube split adaxially, yellowish green externally, cream–colored within, the tube ca. 10 mm long, the lobes lanceolate, ca. 10 mm long, spreading only slightly, margins winged. Stamens 5, ± as long as corolla tube. Ovary inferior, ovoid, 2-celled; ovule placentation axile; style exserted and protruding through the adaxially split tube, curved abruptly downward near stigma; style 15–18 mm long; stigma 2-lobed, pubescent.

Fruit: Fruit drupaceous; 2–celled; dark purplish black; ovoid; 5–10 mm long; ca. 5 mm wide; sparsely pubescent. Seeds 1 to numerous; with oily endosperm.

Ploidy: 2n = 16*

Habitat: Formerly occurring in coastal sites; primarily on consolidated sand dunes; presently the only significant population is restricted to stabilized coastal dunes.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Ni'ihau(Incl. Lehua) Endemic
Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Endemic
Molokai Endemic
Lana'i Endemic
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n.s., 8: 253 (1842)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:784 (Ni, K, O, Mo, L, M, H); Wichman & St. John 1990:138/Remy s.n. BISH 52707 (Ni†, 1855); PEPP 2025/Nuttall s.n. BM (K†, 1835); PEPP 2025/Rock 17037 BISH (O†, 1919); PEPP 2025/St.John 18834 BISH (L†, 1938); PEPP 2025/Ragone s.n. PTBG 036364 (H†, 1990)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 388 Maui BISH 1864-01-01
2 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 931 Lanai BISH 1930-01-01
3 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. Niihau BISH 1851-01-01
4 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17037 Oahu BISH 1919-11-01
5 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. 28 Maui BISH 1978-07-03
6 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 262 Maui BISH 1971-08-07
7 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details A colony of about 100 growing in pockets of sand in sandstone. Assoc. with Bidens mauiensis, Nama, and Lipochaeta integrifolia. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate, creeping, sparsely branched shrub with thick, coriaceous, light green leaves, whitish flowers, and black fruit. Herbst, D.R. 702 Maui BISH 1967-11-10
8 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 313 Molokai BISH 1851-01-01
9 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 315 Niihau BISH 1851-01-01
10 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 527 Lanai BISH 1930-01-28
11 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Oahu BISH
12 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH
13 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH
14 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH
15 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 17037 Oahu BISH 1919-11-01
16 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Consolidated sand dune-lava outcrop. Assoc. with Nama sandwicensis, Lipochaeta integrifolia, Fimbristylis pycnocephala. Preserved_Specimen Low, succulent, spreading perennial; flws white. Gustafson, R. 1103 Maui BISH 1978-07-14
17 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Bare sand, Blumea, grass. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate, 2m across bunches. Woolford, H.A. 170 Maui BISH 1955-12-31
18 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Sandy windswept crest of dune with open vegetation of low shrubs. Preserved_Specimen Trailing shrub, rooting at the branches, leaves thick and stiff, flowers pale yellow, ripe fruits bluish black. Stauffer, H.U. 5889 Maui BISH 1964-04-18
19 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Scattered on arid calcified sand dunes w/ Lipochaeta, Bidens & Scaevola taccada. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate shrub often reaching 10' in diameter, with few but long trailing branches. Fruits black. Nagata, K.M. 905 Maui BISH 1971-10-26
20 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On fossil sand dunes. Preserved_Specimen Lvs olive green thick fleshy, corolla tube cream colored 12 mm long, the lobes 7 mm long, cream colored but margins dark magenta, membranous margins white. Berries black 8 mm diam. St.John, H. 26713 Maui BISH 1965-11-27
21 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing amongst rocks close to the sea, creeping along close to the ground. Preserved_Specimen Leaves very thick and fleshy, no flowers or fruit. Munro, G.C. 692 Lanai BISH 1922-05-31
22 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing on perched sic sand dunes. With Ipomoea pes-caprae, Nama sandwicensis. Preserved_Specimen Gillett, G.W. 1561 Maui BISH 1964-04-18
23 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Bare sand, Blumea grass. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate, 2m across bunches. Woolford, H.A. 170 Maui BISH 1955-12-03
24 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In decomposing lithified sand dunes, with Fimbristylis, Nama, Bidens, Sida, Lipochaeta. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate plants, woody at base, branches to 3 ft long, fls white, fruits purple-black. Carlquist, S. 2125 Maui BISH 1966-08-07
25 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On sand hills, with Blumea and grass. Spreading prostrate on bare sand. Preserved_Specimen Spreading prostrate. Pearsall, G.A. 71 Maui BISH 1955-12-31
26 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details restricted to rocky and sandy areas Preserved_Specimen Kepler, A.K. 19 Maui BISH 1981-07-17
27 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Locally common on weakly consolidated sand dune, in open vegetation. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate, leaves fleshy, corollas yellow with white lobes; fruit fleshy, black when ripe. Fosberg, F.R. 55612 Maui BISH 1974-10-16
28 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Beachsand substrate; in full sun Preserved_Specimen Intertangled shrubs growing in a beachsand substrate; stems decumbent, rising 5-30 cm high; odorless (morning) Flowers white with some reddish purple and yellowish colors, particularly w/o Lau, J. 2523 Oahu BISH 1986-06-16
29 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dunes near ocean. Preserved_Specimen Fruit black, depressed globose. Degener, O. 19339 Maui BISH 1948-12-31
30 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details About 10 plants sprawling on ledges of steep coastal bluffs; in two distinct pathces 10 meters apart. Vegetation: Scaevola taccada, Sesuvium, Lyciu, Heliotropium, Fimbristylis, Ipomoea, Jacquemontia, Capparis, Osteomeles, Pandanus, Euphorbia, Vigna, Hibiscus, Cuscuta, Cyperus, Chenopodium, Boerhavia, Sida, Cynodon, Schinus. Preserved_Specimen Leaves small, round succulent and flowers small and yellow; plants are more similar to Molokai offshore islet (i.e., Mokuho`oniki) than Waiehu, Maui. Oppenheimer, H.L. 111715 Maui BISH 2017-11-20
31 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On basalt ledges. Preserved_Specimen One tufted, prostrate shrub. Corolla without straw-colored, somewhat blotched with dull purplish, within tube straw colored, limb white, the viens purplish. St.John, H. 18834 Lanai BISH 1938-04-13
32 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Around summit. Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, Wikstroemia, uva-ursi, Chamaesyce celastroides var. amplectens, and Senna gaudichaudii shrubland with Artemisia australis, Melanthera integrifolia, Bidens molokaiensis, Schiedea globosa, Chenopodium oahuense, and Cassytha filiformis. Preserved_Specimen Decumbent shrubs many branched and spreading 1 meter wide, vegetative, eight individuals obsrved and tagged, cuttings from each for conservation at NTBG. Wood, K.R. 11707 Molokai BISH 2006-01-09
33 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Low spreading subshrub of up to 12 high; lvs thinly succulent, glossy dk green; buds pale yellow-green w/ dk purplish-black apex, open flowers cream without, lobes white within. Flynn, T.W. 5750 Kauai BISH 1995-03-30
34 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Sand bluffs. With Lipochaeta, Nama sandwicensis, Fimbristylis, etc. Preserved_Specimen Gillett, G.W. 1874 Maui BISH 1966-04-14
35 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Coastal lowland Preserved_Specimen Oahu BISH
36 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Common in open areas on slopes of poorly consolidated calcareous sand-dune, with thin loose sand locally. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate shrub, rooting at nodes, forming very loose mats; leaves stiff coriaceous, flat, tending to be held erect; flowers dull yellowish pink on thick parts outside, thin parts and inside of corolla white; fruit fleshy, shiny black. Fosberg, F.R. 53770 Maui BISH 1971-08-31
37 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Occasional on consolidated sand dunes. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 19610 Maui BISH 1949-05-14
38 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen prostrate sub-scrub; leaves succulent and small Wysong, M.L. 857 Molokai BISH 2006-01-25
39 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Subshrub with decumbent pruplish stems rooting at the nodes. Leaves fleshy, brittle. Flowers with green hypanthium, corolla tube yellowish-green, lobes white. Lorence, D.H. 8150 Kauai BISH 1997-10-17
40 Scaevola coriacea Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Prostrate with long spreading branches. Several rooting spots where branches have propagated by layering. Hobdy, R.W. 1139 Molokai BISH 1981-09-08
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